Urgensi Kafa’ah Dalam Membangun Keluarga Sakinah Perspektif Maqasid Al-Usrah Jamal Ad-Din ‘Atiyyah

Abstract

Marriage in Islam aims to form a family that is sakinah, mawaddah, and warahmah. In the process of building a family, the concept of kafa’ah (equivalence of prospective spouses) is an important aspect that needs to be considered even though it is not a valid requirement for marriage. The absence of kafa'ah in fundamental aspects such as religion, morals, education, and vision of life often triggers domestic conflicts and leads to divorce. This study aims to analyze the urgency of kafa'ah in marriage based on the perspective of maqaṣid al-usrah according to Jamal ad-Din ‘Aṭiyyah and explain the relevance of kafa'ah to the realization of the sakinah family. This research uses a descriptive-analytical qualitative method with a type of library research. Primary data were obtained from the works of Jamal ad-Din ‘Aṭiyyah as well as classical and contemporary fiqh literature on kafa'ah. The results of the study show that the concept of kafa'ah has strong relevance to the seven maqasid al-usrah which include sakinah, mawaddah warahmah, ta’aawun, hifz al-nasl, tarbiyah, islah and istiqrar. Kafa'ah not only means social equality, but also value equality, religiosity, and mental and emotional readiness that support household resilience. Thus, kafa'ah must be understood as a strategic principle of maqasidi in building a harmonious and sustainable family.